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Law & More itholakala ngoMsombuluko kuya kuLwesihlanu ngo-08: 00 kuya ku-22: 00 nangezimpelasonto kusuka ngo-09: 00 kuya ku-17: 00
Ukuxhumana okuhle nokusheshayo
Ummeli Wokudlulisa Amacala
Kujwayelekile ukuthi umuntu oyedwa noma bobabili bengavumelani nesinqumo ecaleni labo. Ngabe uphikisana nesinqumo senkantolo? Bese kuba nenketho yokudlulisa lesi sinqumo enkantolo yokudlulisa icala. Kodwa-ke, le nketho ayisebenzi ezindabeni zomphakathi ngenzalo yezezimali engaphansi kwe-EUR 1,750. Ngabe uyavumelana nesinqumo senkantolo? Ngemuva kwalokho usengabandakanyeka enkambisweni yenkantolo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, uzakwenu naye anganquma ukufaka isikhalazo.
Imenyu Esheshayo
Amandla okukhalaza alawulwa esiGabeni 7 se-Dutch Civil Code of Procedure. Lokhu kungenzeka kususelwa emgomweni wokuliphatha leli cala ezimweni ezimbili: ekuqaleni ngokuvamile enkantolo nasenkantolo yokudlulisa amacala. Kukholelwa ukuthi ukuphatha leli cala izikhathi ezimbili kuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yezobulungiswa, kanye nokuzethemba kwezakhamizi ekuphatheni kwezobulungiswa. Isikhalazo sinemisebenzi emibili ebalulekile:
• Umsebenzi wokulawula. Ngokudluliswa kwesicelo, cela inkantolo ukuthi ilibuyekeze kaningi icala lakho. Ngakho-ke inkantolo ibheka ukuthi uma ijaji ekuqaleni liwatholile yini amaqiniso, lalisebenzisa kahle yini umthetho nokuthi lahlulele kahle yini. Uma kungenjalo, isahlulelo sejaji lokuqala lizochithwa yinkantolo.
• Shiya ithuba. Kungenzeka ukuthi ukhethe isisekelo esingalungile sezomthetho ekuqaleni, akazange abumbe isitatimende sakho ngokwenele noma anikeze ubufakazi obuncane kakhulu besitatimende sakho. Ngakho-ke umgomo wokuyeka ngokuphelele usebenza enkantolo yezikhalazo. Hhayi nje kuphela ukuthi wonke amaphuzu angalethwa enkantolo futhi ukuze abukezwe, kodwa wena njengeqembu lesikhalazo uzoba nethuba lokulungisa amaphutha owenze ekuqaleni. Kukhona futhi kungenzeka kwesikhalazo ukwandisa isimangalo sakho.
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Isikhathi sokukhalaza
Uma ukhetha inqubo yokudlulisa amacala enkantolo, kufanele ufake isikhalazo kungakapheli isikhathi esithile. Ubude baleso sikhathi buncike ohlotsheni lwamacala. Uma isahlulelo siphathelene nokwahlulela kuka-a inkantolo yomphakathi, unezinyanga ezintathu ukusuka ngosuku lokwahlulela okufanele ufake isikhalazo. Ngabe bekumele ubhekane nokufingqwa kwenqubo ekuqaleni? Kuleso simo, isikhathi esingamaviki amane sifaka isicelo enkantolo. Ngabe inkantolo yobugebengu cabanga bese wahlulela icala lakho? Kulelo cala, usenamasonto amabili kuphela ngemuva kwesinqumo sokufaka isikhalazo enkantolo.
Njengoba imigomo yesikhalazo isebenza njengeqiniso, le mikhawulo kufanele futhi ilandelwe. Ngakho-ke isikhathi sokukhalaza singumnqamulajuqu onqunyelwe. Ngabe akukho sikhalazo esizofakwa ngalesi sikhathi? Ngemuva kwalokho usuphuzile ngakho-ke akunakuphikwa. Kusezimeni ezihlukile kuphela lapho isikhalazo singafakwa ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi sokugcina sokukhalaza. Lokhu kungaba njalo, ngokwesibonelo, uma imbangela yokudluliswa kwesicelo sekwedlule isikhathi kuyiphutha lejaji uqobo, ngoba uthumele i-oda kumaphathi sekwedlule isikhathi.
Okushiwo amaklayenti ngathi
Abameli bethu bokudlulisa amacala bakulungele ukukusiza:
- Ukuxhumana ngqo nommeli
- Imigqa emifushane nezivumelwano ezicacile
- Itholakalela yonke imibuzo yakho
- Ihluke ngokuqabulayo. Gxila kuklayenti
- Kuyashesha, kusebenza kahle futhi kugxile kumphumela
Inqubo
Ngokwesimo sesikhalazo, umgomo oyisisekelo wokuthi izinhlinzeko maqondana nesikhathi sokuqala ziyasebenza nenqubo yokudlulisa isikhalazo. Isikhalazo ngakho-ke siqala ngo-a isihlokwana ngesimo esifanayo nezidingo ezifanayo nezokuqala. Kodwa-ke, akusadingeki ukusho izizathu zokukhalaza. Lezi zizathu kufanele zethulwe kuphela esitatimendeni sezikhalazo ngazo kulandelwa i-subpoena.
Izizathu zokudluliswa kwesicelo kuyizo zonke izizathu okufanele kufakwe kuzo okhalazayo ukuthi umbango wenkantolo okokuqala kufanele ubekelwe eceleni. Lezo zingxenye zesahlulelo okungakabekwa sisekelo kuzo, zizoqhubeka zisebenze futhi ngeke zisadingidwa uma sekudluliswa icala. Ngale ndlela, impikiswano yokufaka isikhalo ngakho-ke i-batten esemthethweni ilinganiselwe. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhulisa ukuphikisana okucatshangelwe esinqumweni esinikezwe ekuqaleni. Kubalulekile ukwazi kulo mongo ukuthi indawo ebizwa jikelele, ehlose ukuletha impikiswano ngokugcweleyo yesinqumo, ayikwazi futhi ngeke iphumelele. Ngamanye amagama: izizathu zokudlulisa kumele zibe nokuphikisana kokhonkolo ukuze kucace nakwelinye iqembu ngokwesimo sokuzivikela ukuthi iziphi iziphikiso empeleni.
Isitatimende sezikhalazo siyalandela isitatimende sokuzivikela. Ngokwengxenye yayo, ummangalelwa odlulisiwe angabeka nezizathu eziphikisana nesinqumo esiphikisiwe bese ephendula isitatimende sezikhalazo zalowo ofake isicelo. Isitatimende sezikhalazo nesitatimende sezokuvikela kuvamise ukuqeda ukushintshaniswa kwezikhundla lapho kudluliswa icala. Ngemuva kokushintshaniswa kwemibhalo ebhaliwe, ngokomthetho akusavunyelwe ukubeka izizathu ezintsha, ngisho nokwengeza isimangalo. Ngakho-ke kubekiwe ukuthi ijaji ngeke lisakwazi ukunaka izizathu zokudluliswa kwesinqumo ezethulwe ngemuva kwesitatimende sokudlulisa icala noma sokuvikela. Okufanayo kusebenza ekwandisweni kwesimangalo. Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kwalokho, isisekelo sisamukeleka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uma elinye iqembu linikeze imvume yalo, isikhalazo sivela esimweni sengxabano noma isimo esisha sesivele ngemuva kokuthi imibhalo ebhaliwe isihanjisiwe.
Njengomphumela wokuqala, umjikelezo obhalwe phansi okokuqala ulandelwa njalo ukulalelwa kwecala enkantolo. Kukhona okuhlukile kule nqubo kulesi sikhalazo: ukulalelwa ngaphambi kwenkantolo kungakhethwa ngakho-ke akuvamile. Amacala amaningi ngakho-ke ngokuvamile axazululwa ngokubhala yinkantolo. Kodwa-ke, bobabili abathintekayo bangacela inkantolo ukuthi ilalele icala labo. Uma iqembu lifuna ukulalelwa phambi kwenkantolo yokudluliswa kwamacala, inkantolo kuyofanela ikuvumele lokho, ngaphandle uma kunezimo ezikhethekile. Kuze kube kuleli zinga, umthetho-icala ongakwesokunene wokufaka isikhalo usalokhu ukhona.
Isinyathelo sokugcina ekuthatheni izinyathelo zomthetho lapho kudluliswa isikhalazo ukwahlulela. Kulesi sinqumo, inkantolo yokudlulisa amacala izokhombisa ukuthi isinqumo senkantolo saphambilini besilungile yini. Ngokwenzayo, kungathatha izinyanga eziyisithupha noma ngaphezulu ukuthi amaqembu abhekane nesinqumo sokugcina senkantolo yokudlulisa amacala. Uma izizathu zomfakisikhalazo zigcinwa, inkantolo izobeka eceleni isinqumo esiphikisiwe bese ixazulula icala ngokwalo. Ngaphandle kwalokho inkantolo yokudlulisa amacala izosekela ngokunengqondo lesi sinqumo esiphikisiwe.
Isikhalazo enkantolo yezokuphatha
Ngabe awuvumelani nesinqumo senkantolo yezokuphatha? Ngemuva kwalokho ungafaka isikhalo. Kodwa-ke, lapho usebenzelana nomthetho wokuphatha, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi kuleso simo kufanele uqale ubhekane neminye imigomo. Ngokuvamile kuba nesikhathi esingamaviki ayisithupha kusukela kumenyezelwe isinqumo sokwahlulelwa kokuphatha, lapho ungafaka khona isikhalazo. Futhi kuzodingeka ubhekane nezinye izimo ongaphendukela kuzo kumongo wesikhalazo. Iyiphi inkantolo okufanele uye kuyo kuya ngohlobo lwamacala:
• Ezokuphepha komphakathi kanye nezisebenzi zomphakathi. Amacala aphathelene nokuphepha komphakathi kanye nomthetho wezisebenzi zikahulumeni asingathwa ngesikhalazo yiBhodi Elimaphakathi Lokwedluliswa Kwamacala (CRvB). • Umthetho wokuphatha ezomnotho kanye nobulungiswa bokuqondiswa kwezigwegwe. Izindaba ezimayelana, phakathi kokunye, zoMthetho Wokuncintisana, Umthetho Weposi, Umthetho Wezimpahla kanye Nomthetho Wezokuxhumana zisingathwa ngokudluliswa kwezikhalazo yiBhodi Lokudluliswa Kwezikhalazo Kwebhizinisi (CBb). • Umthetho wokufuduka nezinye izindaba. Amanye amacala, kubandakanya namacala okufika, aphathwa ngokudluliswa kwezikhalo yi-Administrative Jurisdiction Division yoMkhandlu Wezwe (ABRvS).
Ngemuva kwesikhalazo
Imvamisa, amaqembu ahambisana nesahlulelo senkantolo yokudluliswa kwamacala ngakho-ke icala lawo lixazululwa lapho kudluliswa icala. Kodwa-ke, ngabe awuvumelani nesinqumo senkantolo sokudlulisa icala? Ngemuva kwalokho kunenketho yokufaka i-cassation eNkantolo Ephakeme yaseDashi kuze kube izinyanga ezintathu ngemuva kwesinqumo senkantolo yokudlulisa amacala. Le nketho ayisebenzi ezinqumweni ze-ABRvS, i-CRvB ne-CBb. Ngemuva kwakho konke, izitatimende zale mizimba ziqukethe izahlulelo zokugcina. Ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuphikisana nalezi zahlulelo.
Uma kungenzeka ukuthi kukhona ukukhishwa kwesisu, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi asikho isikhala sokuhlola okuyiqiniso kwengxabano. Izizathu ze-cassation nazo zilinganiselwe. Yize kunjalo, ukukhishwa kwesidumbu kungaqalwa kuphela njengoba izinkantolo eziphansi zingazange zisebenzise umthetho ngendlela efanele. Kuyinqubo engathatha iminyaka futhi ibandakanye nezindleko eziphakeme. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukukhipha yonke inqubo yokufaka isikhalazo. Law & More uyakujabulela ukukusiza ngalokhu. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ukukhanga kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi kunoma yiliphi igunya, ngokuvamile kubandakanya izintshisekelo ezinkulu. Law & More abameli abangochwepheshe kuzo zombili izigebengu, ezokuphatha kanye nezomthetho womphakathi futhi bayakujabulela ukukusiza ekumeni kokudlulisa amacala. Ingabe unayo eminye imibuzo? Sicela uxhumane Law & More.
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Bese usithinta ngocingo +31 40 369 06 80 noma uthumele i-imeyili ku:
Mnu. UTom Meevis, ummeli ku- Law & More - tom.meevis@lawandmore.nl