Amasiko amaDashi: ubungozi nemiphumela yokuletha imikhiqizo engavunyelwe eNetherlands
Lapho evakashele kwelinye izwe ngendiza, kuyinto evamile ukuthi umuntu kufanele adlulele esikhumulweni sezindiza. Abantu abavakashela eNetherlands kufanele badlule amasiko esikhumulweni sezindiza saseSchiphol noma Eindhoven Isikhumulo sezindiza. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi izikhwama zabagibeli ziqukethe imikhiqizo engavunyelwe, engena eNetherlands ngenhloso noma ngenxa yokungazi noma ukunganaki. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yisiphi isizathu, imiphumela yalezi zenzo ingaba mibi kakhulu. E-Netherlands, uhulumeni unikeze amasiko igunya elikhethekile lokukhipha izijeziso zobugebengu noma zokuphatha ngokwazo. Lawa mandla abekwe ku-Algemene Douanewet (Umthetho Jikelele Wentela). Ikakhulukazi yiziphi izinswinyo ezikhona futhi zingaba nzima kangakanani lezi zijeziso? Yifunde lapha!
The 'Algemene Douanetwet'
Umthetho wobulelesi waseDashi uwonke uyazi umgomo wokuthola umhlaba. I-Dutch Criminal Code iqukethe okushiwo ukuthi le Khodi isebenza kuwo wonke umuntu owenza icala lobugebengu ngaphakathi kweNetherlands. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ubuzwe noma izwe ahlala kulo umuntu owenze icala azizona izindlela zokunquma. I-Algemene Douanewet isuselwe emgomweni ofanayo futhi iyasebenza ezimweni ezithile zesiko-ezenzeka ngaphakathi kwensimu yeNetherlands. Lapho i-Algemene Douanewet inganikeli khona imithetho ethile, umuntu angathembela ekuhlinzekweni okujwayelekile phakathi kwabanye i-Dutch Criminal Code ('Wetboek van Strafrecht') kanye nomthetho iGeneral Administrative Law Act ('Algemene Wet Bestuursrecht' noma 'Awb'). E-Algemene Douanewet kukhona ukugcizelelwa kwezijeziso zobugebengu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunomehluko ezimweni lapho izinhlobo ezahlukene zesanction zingabekwa khona.
Inhlawulo yokuphatha
Kungabekwa inhlawulo yokuqondisa: lapho izimpahla zingalethwanga emasikweni, lapho umuntu engahambisani nemibandela yelayisense, lapho kungekho khona impahla endaweni yokugcina impahla, lapho izimiso zokugcwalisa izinqubo zenkambiso zezimpahla ezilethwe e-EU zingekho wahlangana futhi lapho izimpahla zingakatholi isikhathi sokuya endaweni yangokwezifiso. Inhlawulo yokuphatha ingafinyelela ubude bokuthi + - EUR 300, -, noma kwezinye izimo ukuphakama okungenani kwe-100% yenani lemisebenzi.
Isijeziso sobugebengu
Kungenzeka ukuthi kugwetshwe inhlawulo yobugebengu uma kwenzeka impahla enqatshelwe ingena eNetherlands ngokufika esikhumulweni sezindiza. Isigwebo secala singabekwa lapho izimpahla zingeniswa eNetherlands okungukuthi ngokomthetho kungenzeka zingangeniswanga noma kumenyezelwe ngendlela engafanele. Ngaphandle kwalezi zibonelo zezenzo zobugebengu, i-Algemene Douanewet ichaza uhla lwezinye izenzo zobugebengu. Inhlawulo yobugebengu imvamisa ifinyelela ukuphakama okuphezulu kwe-EUR 8,200 noma ukuphakama kwenani lemisebenzi eyehliswayo, lapho leli nani liphezulu. Uma kwenzeka ngenhloso, inhlawulo ephezulu ngaphansi kwe-Algemene Douanewet ingafinyelela ubude be-EUR 82,000 noma ukuphakama kwenani lemisebenzi eyehliswayo, lapho leli nani liphezulu. Kwezinye izimo, i-Algemene Douanewet isetha isigwebo sejele. Uma kunjalo, isenzo noma okungekho kungabonakala kungobugebengu. Lapho i-Algemene Douanewet ingasibeki isigwebo sejele kodwa inhlawulo kuphela, isenzo noma okuyekwayo kungabonakala njengecala. Isigwebo esiphezulu sejele esifakwe kwi-Algemene Douanewet yisigwebo seminyaka eyisithupha. Lapho izimpahla ezingavunyelwe zingeniswa eNetherlands, isijeziso singaba yisigwebo seminyaka emine. Inhlawulo uma kunjalo, kufanele ibe ne-EUR 20,500.
Izinqubo
- Inqubo yokuphatha: inqubo yokuphatha ihlukile kunqubo yobugebengu. Ngokuya kobucayi besenzo, inqubo yokuphatha ingaba lula noma ibe nzima ngokwengeziwe. Uma kwenzeka kwenzelwa inhlawulo engaphansi kwe-EUR 340, -, inqubo ngokuvamile izoba lula. Lapho icala liqashelwa ukuthi kungakhokhiswa inhlawulo yokuphatha, lokhu kuzodluliselwa kumuntu othintekayo. Isaziso siqukethe okutholakele. Uma kwenzeka kunezenzo lapho inhlawulo ingaphakama kune-EUR 340, - inqubo enemininingwane eminingi idinga ukulandela. Okokuqala, umuntu othintekayo kufanele athole isaziso esibhaliwe ngenhloso yokufaka inhlawulo yokuphatha. Lokhu kumnika ithuba lokuphikisa inhlawulo. Ngemuva kwalokho kuzonqunywa (kungakapheli amasonto ayi-13) ukuthi kuzokhokhiswa inhlawulo noma cha. ENetherlands umuntu angaphikisana nesinqumo somzimba wokuphatha (umhloli) kungakapheli amasonto ayisithupha ngemuva kwesinqumo. Isinqumo sizobuye sidingidwe kungakapheli amasonto ayisithupha. Ngemuva kwalokho, kungenzeka futhi ukuthi uthathe isinqumo enkantolo.
- Inqubo yobugebengu: Uma kutholakala icala lobugebengu, kuzokwenziwa umbiko osemthethweni, onikezwe ngawo lowo mthetho onenhlawulo. Lapho kukhishwa umyalo wenhlawulo nenani eliphakeme kune-EUR 2,000, umsolwa kumele alalelwe kuqala. Ikhophi lomyalo wenhlawulo lizonikezwa umsolwa. Umhloli noma umsebenzi oqokiwe uzonquma isikhathi okufanele ikhokhwe. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyishumi nane ngemuva kokuthola ikhophi lomyalelo wenhlawulo ngumsolwa, inhlawulo iyatholakala. Lapho umsolwa engahambisani nomyalo wenhlawulo, angamelana nemiyalo yenhlawulo emnyangweni wokushushiswa komphakathi waseDashi kungapheli amasonto amabili. Lokhu kuzoholela ekutheni leli cala liphinde liqulwe, kuthi ngemuva kwalokho kukhishwe umyalo wenhlawulo, kushintshwe noma umuntu abizelwe enkantolo. Inkantolo iyobe isinquma ukuthi kwenzekani. Ezimweni ezibucayi kakhulu, umbiko osemthethweni njengoba kushiwo emshweni wokuqala wesigatshana esedlule kufanele uthumele kuqala kumshushisi womphakathi, ongabe esalithatha lelo cala. Umshushisi womphakathi naye anganquma ukubuyisela leli cala kumhloli. Lapho umyalo wenhlawulo ungakhokhwa, isigwebo sejele singalandela.
Ukuphakama kwezinhlawulo
Imihlahlandlela yesigwebo ifakiwe ku-Algemene Douanewet. Ukuphakama okuqondile kwezinhlawulo kunqunywa ngumhloli noma yisikhulu esinqunyelwe noma umshushisi womphakathi (owokugcina uma kwenzeka enecala lobugebengu), futhi uzofakwa ngaphansi komyalo wenhlawulo (strafbeschikking) noma isinqumo sokuphatha (beschikking ). Njengoba kuchaziwe phambilini, umuntu angaveza ukuphikisana nesinqumo sokuphatha ('bezwaar maken') kugatsha lezokuphatha noma umuntu angamelana nomyalo wenhlawulo kumshushisi womphakathi. Ngemuva kwalokhu kumelana nenkantolo, inkantolo izokhipha isinqumo ngalolu daba.
Zibekwa kanjani lezi zinhlawulo?
Umyalo wenhlawulo noma isinqumo sokuphatha kuvame ukulandela isikhashana ngemuva kwesigameko, ngoba kuthatha umsebenzi othile wenqubo / wokuphatha ukubeka yonke imininingwane efanele ephepheni. Noma kunjalo, kuyinto eyaziwayo ngaphansi komthetho waseDashi (ikakhulukazi umthetho wobulelesi waseDashi) ukuthi, ngaphansi kwezimo, ingakhokha imiyalo yezinhlawulo ngokushesha. Isibonelo esihle ukukhokhwa okuqondile kwama-oda ezinhlawulo uma kutholakala nezidakamizwa emikhosini yamaDashi. Lokhu, noma kunjalo, akukaze kunconywe, ngoba ukukhokha inhlawulo ngokushesha kwenza ukwamukelwa kwecala, kube nemiphumela eminingi efana nerekhodi lobugebengu. Noma kunjalo, kunconywa ukukhokha noma ukwenqaba inhlawulo ngesikhathi esinikeziwe. Uma ngemuva kwezikhumbuzo eziningi inhlawulo ingakhokhelwa, umuntu uvame ukushaya ngosizo lomuntu osiza ibheyili ukuthola imali leyo. Uma lokhu kungaphumeleli, isigwebo sejele singalandela.
Oxhumana naye
Uma kwenzeka uneminye imibuzo noma ukuphawula ngemuva kokufunda le ndatshana, zizwe ukhululekile ukuxhumana noMnu. UMaxim Hodak, ummeli-womthetho ku- Law & More nge maxim.hodak@lawandmore.nl noma umnu. UTom Meevis, ummeli womthetho e Law & More ngetom.meevis@lawandmore.nl noma usishayele ku- + 31 (0) 40-3690680.
