Umthetho Wokuvikelwa Kwaziswa Okujwayelekile
Ku-25th NgoMeyi, kuzosebenza umthetho ojwayelekile wokuvikelwa kwedatha (GDPR). Ngokufakwa kwe-GDPR, ukuvikela idatha yomuntu siqu kuya ngokuya kubalulekile. Izinkampani kufanele zibhekele imithetho engaphezulu neqinile mayelana nokuvikelwa kwemininingwane. Noma kunjalo, kuphakama imibuzo ehlukahlukene ngenxa yokufakwa kwe-GDPR. Ezinkampanini, kungahle kungacaci ukuthi iyiphi idatha ebhekwa njengedatha yomuntu siqu futhi iwela ngaphansi kwesilinganiso se-GDPR. Lokhu kunjalo ngamakheli e-imeyili: ingabe ikheli le-imeyili lithathwa njengedatha yomuntu siqu? Ngabe izinkampani ezisebenzisa amakheli e-imeyili zingaphansi kwe-GDPR? Le mibuzo izophendulwa kule ndatshana.
Idatha yomuntu siqu
Ukuze uphendule umbuzo wokuthi ngabe ikheli le-imeyili lithathwa njengedatha yini noma cha, igama elithi umuntu uqobo lidinga ukucaciswa. Leli gama lichazwa ku-GDPR. Ngokuya nge-athikili 4 i-GDPR, imininingwane yomuntu uqobo isho noma imiphi imininingwane ephathelene nomuntu wemvelo okhonjwe noma okhonjwa. Umuntu wemvelo okhonjwa ngumuntu ongakhonjwa, ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile, ngokubhekisele kusihlonzi esinjengegama, inombolo kamazisi, idatha yendawo noma okokuhlonza online. Imininingwane yomuntu uqobo isho abantu bemvelo. Ngakho-ke, imininingwane ephathelene nabantu abashonile noma izinhlaka zomthetho ayithathwa njengedatha yomuntu siqu.
Ikheli le-imeyili
Manje njengoba incazelo yedatha yomuntu siqu isinqunyiwe, idinga ukuqinisekiswa uma ikheli le-imeyili lithathwa njengedatha yomuntu siqu. Umthetho wamacala waseDashi ukhombisa ukuthi amakheli e-imeyili angaba idatha yomuntu siqu, kepha ukuthi lokhu akuhlali kunjalo. Kuya ngokuthi umuntu wemvelo ukhonjwa noma cha ukuthi ungubani ngokuya ngekheli le-imeyili. [1] Indlela abantu abahlele ngayo amakheli abo e-imeyili kufanele ibhekwe ukuze kunqunywe ukuthi ikheli le-imeyili lingabonakala njengedatha yomuntu siqu noma cha. Abantu abaningi bemvelo bahlela ikheli labo le-imeyili ngendlela yokuthi ikheli kufanele libhekwe njengedatha yomuntu siqu. Lokhu ngokwesibonelo kwenzeka lapho ikheli le-imeyili lakhiwe ngale ndlela elandelayo: firstname.lastname@gmail.com. Leli kheli le-imeyili liveza igama nesibongo somuntu osebenzisa ikheli. Ngakho-ke, lo muntu angakhonjwa ngokususelwa kuleli kheli le-imeyili. Amakheli e-imeyili asetshenziselwa imisebenzi yebhizinisi nawo angaqukatha imininingwane yomuntu. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ikheli le-imeyili lihlelwe ngale ndlela elandelayo: initials.lastname@nameofcompany.com. Kuleli kheli le-imeyili kungatholakala ukuthi yiziphi iziqalo zomuntu osebenzisa ikheli le-imeyili, ukuthi ungubani isibongo sakhe nokuthi lo muntu usebenza kuphi. Ngakho-ke, umuntu osebenzisa leli kheli le-imeyili uyakhonjwa ngokuya ngekheli le-imeyili.
Ikheli le-imeyili alithathwa njengedatha yomuntu siqu lapho kungekho muntu wemvelo ongakhonjwa kulo. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho kusetshenziswa ikheli le-imeyili elilandelayo: puppy12@hotmail.com. Leli kheli le-imeyili alinayo idatha lapho umuntu wemvelo angakhonjwa khona. Amakheli ejwayelekile e-imeyili asetshenziswa izinkampani, njenge-info@nameofcompany.com, nawo awathathwa njengedatha yomuntu siqu. Leli kheli le-imeyili alinalo ulwazi lomuntu siqu lapho umuntu wemvelo angakhonjwa khona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikheli le-imeyili alisetshenziswa ngumuntu wemvelo, kepha lisetshenziswa yinhlangano esemthethweni. Ngakho-ke, akubhekwa njengedatha yomuntu siqu. Kusuka kumthetho wamacala waseDashi kungaphethwa ngokuthi amakheli e-imeyili angaba idatha yomuntu siqu, kepha lokhu akuhlali kunjalo; kuya ngesakhiwo sekheli le-imeyili.
Kunethuba elihle lokuthi abantu bemvelo bangakhonjwa ngekheli le-imeyili abalisebenzisayo, elenza amakheli e-imeyili idatha yomuntu siqu. Ukuze ubeke amakheli e-imeyili njengedatha yomuntu siqu, akunandaba ukuthi inkampani empeleni isebenzisa amakheli e-imeyili ukuthola abasebenzisi. Noma inkampani ingasebenzisi amakheli e-imeyili ngenhloso yokuhlonza abantu bemvelo, amakheli e-imeyili lapho abantu bemvelo bekhonjwa khona asathathwa njengamininingwane yomuntu uqobo. Akuwona wonke uxhumano lobuchwepheshe noma obumbene phakathi komuntu nedatha eyanele ukuze kuqokwe idatha njengedatha yomuntu siqu. Kodwa-ke, uma kungenzeka ukuthi amakheli e-imeyili angasetshenziselwa ukukhomba abasebenzisi, ngokwesibonelo ukuthola amacala okukhwabanisa, amakheli e-imeyili abhekwa njengedatha yomuntu siqu. Kulokhu, akunandaba ukuthi inkampani ihlose ukusebenzisa amakheli e-imeyili ngale njongo. Umthetho ukhuluma ngemininingwane yomuntu uma kungenzeka ukuthi idatha ingasetshenziswa ngenhloso ekhomba umuntu wemvelo. [2]
Imininingwane yomuntu ekhethekile
Ngenkathi amakheli e-imeyili abhekwa njengedatha yomuntu siqu esikhathini esiningi, ayiyona idatha yomuntu siqu ekhethekile. Idatha yomuntu siqu ekhethekile yedatha yomuntu siqu eveza imvelaphi yobuhlanga noma yobuzwe, imibono yezombusazwe, izinkolelo zenkolo noma zefilosofi noma ubulungu bohwebo, nedatha yofuzo noma ye-biometric. Lokhu kuvela kusuka ku-athikili 9 GDPR. Futhi, ikheli le-imeyili liqukethe imininingwane emincane yomphakathi kuneyakheli ikheli lekhaya. Kunzima ngokwengeziwe ukuthola ulwazi ngekheli le-imeyili lomuntu othile kunekheli lakhe lekhaya futhi kuncike engxenyeni enkulu yomsebenzisi wekheli le-imeyili ukuthi ngabe ikheli le-imeyili lenziwa emphakathini noma cha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukutholwa kwekheli le-imeyili obekumele kuhlala kufihliwe, kunemiphumela emibi kakhulu kunokutholwa kwekheli lasekhaya obekufanele lifihlwe. Kulula ukushintsha ikheli le-imeyili kunekheli lasekhaya nokutholwa kwekheli le-imeyili kungaholela ekuxhumaneni kwedijithali, ngenkathi ukutholwa kwekheli lasekhaya kungaholela ekuxhumaneni komuntu siqu. [3]
Icubungula idatha yomuntu siqu
Sithole ukuthi amakheli e-imeyili abhekwa njengedatha yomuntu siqu esikhathini esiningi. Noma kunjalo, i-GDPR isebenza kuphela ezinkampanini ezenza idatha yomuntu siqu. Ukucutshungulwa kwemininingwane yomuntu siqu kukhona zonke izinto eziphathelene nedatha yomuntu siqu. Lokhu kuchazwa futhi ku-GDPR. Ngokuya nge-athikili 4 sub 2 GDPR, ukucubungulwa kwemininingwane yomuntu uqobo kusho noma yikuphi ukusebenza okwenziwa kwidatha yomuntu siqu, noma ngabe kungenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Izibonelo ukuqoqwa, ukuqoshwa, ukuhlelwa, ukuhlelwa, ukugcinwa nokusetshenziswa kwemininingwane yomuntu uqobo. Lapho izinkampani zenza imisebenzi esele ichaziwe maqondana namakheli e-imeyili, zisebenza ngemininingwane yomuntu uqobo. Uma kunjalo, zingaphansi kwe-GDPR.
Isiphetho
Akuwona wonke amakheli e-imeyili abhekwa njengedatha yomuntu siqu. Kodwa-ke, amakheli e-imeyili abhekwa njengedatha yomuntu siqu uma anikezela ngemininingwane ekhonjwa ngomuntu wemvelo. Kunamakheli amaningi e-imeyili ahlelwe ngendlela umuntu ongokwemvelo osebenzisa ikheli le-imeyili angabonakala ngayo. Lokhu kunjalo lapho ikheli le-imeyili liqukethe igama noma indawo yomsebenzi womuntu wemvelo. Ngakho-ke, amakheli amaningi e-imeyili azobhekwa njengedatha yomuntu siqu. Kunzima ezinkampanini ukwenza umehluko phakathi kwamakheli e-imeyili abhekwa njengedatha yomuntu siqu namakheli e-imeyili angewona, ngoba lokhu kuncike ngokuphelele ekwakhiweni kwekheli le-imeyili. Ngakho-ke, kuphephile ukusho ukuthi izinkampani ezenza idatha yomuntu siqu, zizothola amakheli e-imeyili athathwa njengedatha yomuntu siqu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lezi zinkampani zingaphansi kwe-GDPR futhi kufanele zisebenzise inqubomgomo yobumfihlo ehambisana ne-GDPR.
[1] ECLI: NL: GHAMS: 2002: AE5514.
[2] IKamerstukken II 1979/80, 25 892, 3 (MvT).
[3] ECLI: NL: GHAMS: 2002: AE5514.
