Ukuqashwa kokuqasha

Uma uqasha indawo yokuhlala eNetherlands, unelungelo lokuqashwa ngokuzenzekelayo. Okufanayo kusebenza kubaqashi bakho kanye nama-subtenants. Ngokomthetho, ukuvikelwa kwerenti kunezici ezimbili: ukuvikelwa kwentengo yokuqasha kanye nokuvikelwa kokuqashwa ekuqedweni kwesivumelwano sokuqashwa ngomqondo wokuthi umninindlu akakwazi ukumane asinqamule isivumelwano sokuqasha. Ngenkathi zombili izici zokuvikelwa kwerenti zisebenza kubaqashi bezindlu zenhlalo, lokhu akunjalo ngabaqashi bezindlu emkhakheni wamahhala. Yikuphi ukuvikelwa kokuqashwa okukhulunywa ngakho nini nokuthi yini ngempela ukuvikelwa kwentengo yokuqashwa noma ukuvikelwa kokuqashwa kumongo wokuqedwa kokuqashiswa, okuxoxwa ngakho kule bhulogi. Kepha okokuqala, le bhulogi ixoxa ngesimo esinegama lokuhlala lesicelo jikelele sokuvikelwa kokuqashwa.

Isikhala sokuhlala

Ngokusetshenziswa kwezinhlinzeko zomthetho maqondana nokuvikelwa kwerenti, kufanele kuqala kube ngumbuzo wendawo yokuhlala. Ngokwe-Article 7: 233 yeDutch Civil Code, indawo yokuhlala kumele iqondwe ukuthi isho impahla engagudluki eyakhelwe ngaphakathi njengoba iqashwa njengendlu ezimele noma engazimele, ikharavani noma isitendi esenzelwe ukuhlala unomphela. Akukho okunye ukuhlukaniswa okwenziwayo phakathi kwabaqashi bezindawo ezizimele noma ezingezona ezabo ngenhloso yokuvikelwa kwerenti.

Umqondo wendawo yokuhlala ubandakanya nezinsimbi ezingenakunyakaziswa, ngamanye amazwi izakhiwo ezithi ngokwemvelo zazo zixhunyaniswe ngokungenakuhlukaniswa nekhaya, ikharavani noma iphimbo noma okuyingxenye yaso ngenxa yesivumelwano sokuqasha. Ezakhiweni eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuhlala, ngokwesibonelo, izitebhisi, amagalari namaphaseji kanye nokufakwa okuphakathi uma kukhethwe ngenkontileka njengezikhala ezingenabo ubuntu bomphakathi.

Kodwa-ke, ayikho indawo yokuhlala ngaphakathi kwencazelo yeSigaba 7: 233 seDutch Civil Code uma kukhulunywa:

• ukusetshenziswa kwesikhashana kwendawo yokuhlala; ukuthi ngabe kunjalo yini lokhu kunqunywa ngesisekelo sokusetshenziswa, ngokwesibonelo njengekhaya lamaholide noma indlu yokushintshanisa. Ngale ndlela, ubude besikhathi obufushane ngaleyo ndlela busho ukusetshenziswa hhayi esikhathini okuvunyelwene ngaso;
• indawo yokuhlala encike kuyo; kunjalo uma indlu iqashwa kanye nendawo yokuhweba; kuleso simo, ikhaya liyingxenye yendawo yokuqasha yebhizinisi, ukuze kungasebenzi izimo zezindlu kepha imibandela ephathelene nendawo yebhizinisi isebenza ekhaya;
• isikebhe sendlu; lesi yisimo esingahambelani nencazelo yezomthetho yendatshana 7: 233 yeDutch Civil Code. Indlu enjalo imvamisa ayithathwa njengempahla engagudluki, ngoba abukho ubudlelwane obuhlala njalo nenhlabathi noma ibhange.

Ukuvikelwa kwentengo yokuqasha

Uma isimo sendawo yokuhlala esichazwe ngenhla sihlangatsheziwe, umqashi uzoqala ngokujabulela ukuvikelwa kwentengo yokuqasha. Kuleso simo amaphuzu okuqala alandelayo ayasebenza:

• isilinganiso esiphakathi kwekhwalithi, kufaka phakathi indawo yokuhlala eqashiwe naphakathi kwerenti okufanele ikhokhwe ngayo, kufanele kube nesizatho;
• umqashi unenketho ngaso sonke isikhathi yokuthi intengo yokuqala yokuqashwa ihlolwe yiKomidi Lokuqasha; lokhu kungenzeka kuphela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ngemuva kokuqala kokuqasha; isinqumo seKomidi Lezentela siyabophezela, kepha sisengalethwa eNkantolo Yezifundazwe ukuze sibuyekezwe;
• umninindlu akakwazi ukuqhubeka nokukhuphula intela engenamkhawulo; Imikhawulo ethile yezomthetho isebenza ekwenyukeni kwerenti, njengamaphesenti aphezulu okuqashwa kwerenti anqunywe nguNgqongqoshe;
• imibandela ephathelene nomthetho mayelana nokuvikelwa kwerenti ingumthetho oyimpoqo, okungukuthi, umninindlu akakwazi ukuphambuka kubo esivumelwaneni sokuqashisa kulimaze umqashi.

Okungenzeka ukuthi, imigomo ebekiwe isebenza kuphela kumqashi wendawo yokuhlala yomphakathi. Lesi yisikhala sokuhlala esingaphansi komkhakha olawulwayo wokuqasha ngakho-ke kufanele sihlukaniswe nendawo yokuhlala engaphansi kwenkululeko, noma umkhakha wokuqasha wamahhala. Endabeni yezindlu ezikhululekile noma zamahhala, irenti iphezulu kakhulu kangangokuba umqashi akasafaneleki ukuthola uxhaso lwerenti ngakho-ke ungaphandle kokuvikelwa komthetho. Umngcele ophakathi kwezindlu ezikhululekile nezenhlalakahle ucishe ube ngentengo yokuqasha cishe yama-euro angama-752 ngenyanga. Uma inani lokuqashisa okuvunyelwene ngalo lidlula leli nani, umqashi ngeke esakwazi ukuncika ezimisweni ezichazwe ngenhla, ngoba kuthinta ukuqashwa kwezindlu ezikhululekile.

Ukuvikela intela ekuqedeni isivumelwano sokuqasha

Kodwa-ke, ekusetshenzisweni kwesinye isici sokuvikelwa kwerenti, akukho mehluko owenziwayo phakathi kwabaqashi bezindlu zenhlalo nezenkululeko. Ngamanye amagama, lokhu kusho ukuthi wonke umqashi wendawo yokuhlala uvikeleke kakhulu futhi ngokuzenzakalela ekunqanyulweni kwesivumelwano sokuqasha, ngomqondo wokuthi umninindlu akakwazi ukumane asikhansele isivumelwano sokuqasha. Kulo mongo, umqashi uvikelwe ngokukhethekile ngoba:

• ukunqanyulwa ngumnikazi wendawo akuqedi isivumelwano sokuqasha ngokuya nge-Article 7: 272 ye-Dutch Civil Code; empeleni, kukumninindlu ukuba azame okokuqala ukuqeda isivumelwano sokuqasha ngokuvumelana. Uma lokho kungasebenzi futhi umqashi engavumi ukunqanyulwa, ukunqanyulwa komninikhaya akusinqamuli ngempela isivumelwano sokuqasha. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isivumelwano sokuqasha siyaqhubeka njengenjwayelo futhi umnikazi wendawo kufanele afake isimangalo esisemthethweni sokuqedwa kwesivumelwano sokuqasha nenkantolo yesifunda. Uma kunjalo, isivumelwano sokuqasha ngeke siphele kuze kube yilapho inkantolo isithathe isinqumo esingenakuguqulwa mayelana nesicelo sokumiswa komnikazi wendawo.
• ngokubheka i-Article 7: 271 yeDutch Civil Code, umninindlu kufanele asho isizathu sokuqedwa; uma umnikazi wendawo ezoqeda isivumelwano sokuqasha, kufanele ahambisane nemigomo yalesi sihloko esishiwo ngenhla se-Civil Code. Ngokungeziwe esikhathini sesaziso, umhlabathi wokunqanyulwa uyindlela ebalulekile kulo mongo. Umnikazi wendawo kufanele asho esinye sezizathu zokunqanyulwa kwesaziso sakhe sokumiswa, njengoba kushiwo ku-Article 7: 274 isigaba 1 seDutch Civil Code:

1. umqashi akaziphathanga njengomqashi omuhle
2. ithinta ukuqashwa isikhathi esinqunyiwe
3. umninikhaya udinga ngokuphuthumayo okuqashiwe ukuze azisebenzisele yena
4. umqashi akavumeli ukunikezwa okunengqondo kokungena esivumelwaneni esisha sokuqasha
5. umninindlu ufuna ukubona ukusetshenziswa komhlaba kumqashi ngokuya ngohlelo olusebenzayo lokuklanywa komhlaba
6. izintshisekelo zomninikhaya ekuqedeni isivumelwano sokuqashisa zidlula lezo zomqashi ekuqhubekeni kokuqashisa (uma kwenzeka kuqashiswa umnikazi wendawo)

• isivumelwano sokuqashisa singanqanyulwa kuphela ijaji ngezizathu ezichazwe ku-athikili 7: 274 isigaba 1 seDutch Civil Code; Izizathu ezingenhla ziphelele: okusho ukuthi, uma inqubo yezomthetho yenziwa ngaphambi kwezinkantolo, ukuqedwa kwesivumelwano sokuqasha kwezinye izizathu akunakwenzeka. Uma esinye sezizathu esishiwo ngenhla siqhamuka, inkantolo kufanele futhi inikeze isimangalo somqashi sokuqeda. Uma kunjalo, ngakho-ke ayikho indawo (yokuqhubeka) yokukala izintshisekelo. Kodwa-ke, okuhlukile kusebenza kuleli phuzu maqondana nendawo yokunqamula ukusetshenziswa komuntu siqu okuphuthumayo. Lapho isimangalo sivunyelwe, inkantolo nayo izonquma isikhathi sokukhishwa. Kodwa-ke, uma isicelo sokumiswa komninikhaya sinqatshwa, isivumelwano sokuqasha esifanelekile ngeke siphinde sinqanyulwe nguye iminyaka emithathu.

Umthetho Wokunyakaza Wezimakethe Zokuqasha

Ngaphambilini, ukuvikelwa kwerenti bekuyinto eyenziwayo ngaphansi kokugxekwa okuningi: ukuvikelwa kwerenti bekuyobe sekuhambe kakhulu futhi kunabaninikhaya abaningi abangathanda ukuqasha indlu ukube ukuvikelwa kwerenti bekungekho eqine kangako. Isishayamthetho sikhombisile ukuthi siyazwela kulokhu kugxekwa. Ngalesi sizathu, isishayamthetho sikhethe ukwethula lo mthetho kusukela ngomhlaka 1 Julayi 2016, Umthetho Wokuqashiswa Kwemakethe Yokuqasha. Ngalo mthetho omusha, ukuvikelwa komqashi kwaba nzima kakhulu. Ngokomongo walo mthetho, lezi izinguquko ezibaluleke kakhulu:

• ngezivumelwano zokuqasha maqondana nendawo yokuhlala ezimele yeminyaka emibili noma ngaphansi kanye nezivumelwano zokuqasha maqondana nendawo yokuhlala engazimele yeminyaka emihlanu noma ngaphansi, kwenziwe ukuthi umninindlu aqashe ngaphandle kokuvikelwa kwerenti. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isivumelwano sokuqasha siphela ngokusebenza komthetho ngemuva kwesikhathi esivunyelwene ngaso futhi akudingeki sinqanyulwe ngumnikazi wendawo njengakuqala.
• ngokwethulwa kwezinkontileka zamaqembu ahlosiwe, kubuye kwenziwa kwaba lula ngomnikazi wendawo ukuqeda isivumelwano sokuqasha mayelana nezindlu ezihloselwe iqembu elithile elihlosiwe, njengabafundi. Uma umqashi engasekho eqenjini elithile elihlosiwe futhi, ngokwesibonelo, engasenakuthathwa njengomfundi, umninindlu uzokwazi ukuqhubeka nokuqedwa ngenxa yokusetshenziswa komuntu siqu okuphuthumayo kalula futhi ngokushesha okukhulu.

Ingabe ungumqashi futhi ufuna ukwazi ukuthi yikuphi ukuvikelwa kokuqasha okufanelekile? Ungumninindlu ofuna ukuqeda isivumelwano sokuqasha? Noma uneminye imibuzo maqondana nale bhulogi? Bese uxhumane Law & More. Abameli bethu bangongoti bomthetho wokuqasha futhi bayakujabulela ukukunikeza izeluleko. Bangakusiza futhi ngokomthetho uma impikiswano yakho yokuqasha iholela ezinqubweni zomthetho.