Isinqumo seNkantolo yesiFunda yaseThe Hague ecaleni likaMilieudefensie elibhekene neRoyal Dutch Shell PLC (ngemuva kwalokhu: 'RDS') siyingqophamlando emacaleni okushiswa kwesimo sezulu. OkweNetherlands, lesi yisinyathelo esilandelayo ngemuva kokuqinisekiswa okuyisisekelo kwesinqumo se-Urgenda yiNkantolo Ephakeme, lapho umbuso wayalwa khona ukuthi anciphise ukukhishwa kwawo ngokuhambisana nezinhloso zesivumelwano saseParis. Ngokokuqala ngqa, futhi inkampani efana ne-RDS manje isibophezelekile ukuthatha izinyathelo ekubhekaneni nokuguquka kwesimo sezulu okuyingozi. Lo mbhalo uzobalula izinto ezisemqoka kanye nemithelela yalesi sinqumo.
Ukwamukeleka
Okokuqala, ukwamukeleka kwesimangalo kubalulekile. Ngaphambi kokuthi inkantolo ingene entweni yesimangalo somphakathi, isimangalo kufanele samukeleke. Inkantolo ikhiphe isinqumo sokuthi kwamukelwa kuphela izenzo ezihlangene ezisebenzela izizukulwane zamanje nezesikhathi esizayo zezakhamizi zaseDashi. Lezi zenzo, eziphikisana nezenzo ezisebenzela intshisekelo yabantu bomhlaba, bezinentshisekelo efanayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi imiphumela izakhamizi zaseDashi ezobhekana nayo ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu yehluka kancane kunaleyo yabantu bomhlaba wonkana. I-ActionAid ayimeli ngokwanele izintshisekelo ezithile zabantu baseDashi ngenhloso yomhlaba ebanzi ebanzi. Ngakho-ke, isimangalo sayo samenyezelwa ukuthi asamukeleki. Abamangali ngazinye nabo bamenyezelwa njengabangamukeleki kuzicelo zabo, ngoba abakhombisanga intshisekelo eyanele yomuntu ngamunye yokwamukeleka ngaphezu kwesimangalo esihlangene.
Izimo zecala
Manje njengoba ezinye izimangalo ezifakiwe sekumenyezelwe ukuthi ziyamukeleka, inkantolo ikwazile ukuzihlola kahle. Ukuze kuvunyelwe isimangalo sikaMilieudefensie sokuthi i-RDS iphoqelekile ukuthi izuze ukuncipha kokukhishwa okuphelele okungama-45%, iNkantolo okokuqala kwakufanele inqume ukuthi isibopho esinjalo sise-RDS. Lokhu bekufanele kuhlolwe ngesisekelo sezinga lokunakekelwa kwezobuciko elingabhalwanga. 6: 162 DCC, lapho zonke izimo zecala zidlala indima. Izimo ezibhekwe yiNkantolo zazibandakanya lokhu okulandelayo. I-RDS isungula inqubomgomo yeqembu yeqembu lonke leShell elenziwa ezinye izinkampani ngaphakathi kweqembu. Iqembu lakwaShell, kanye nabahlinzeki balo namakhasimende alo, libhekene nokukhishwa okukhulu kwe-CO2, okuphezulu kakhulu kunokukhishwa kwamazwe amaningi, kufaka phakathi iNetherlands. Lokhu kungcola kuholela ekuguqukeni kwesimo sezulu, imiphumela yakhona izwakala kubahlali baseDashi (isib. Empilweni yabo, kepha futhi njengengozi ebonakalayo ngenxa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukukhuphuka kwamazinga olwandle).
Amalungelo abantu
Imiphumela yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu etholwa yizakhamizi zaseDashi, phakathi kokunye, ithinta amalungelo abo esintu, ikakhulukazi ilungelo lokuphila nelungelo lokuphila komndeni okungaphazanyiswa. Yize amalungelo esintu esebenza phakathi kwezakhamizi nohulumeni ngakho-ke kungekho sibopho esiqondile ezinkampanini, izinkampani kufanele zihloniphe la malungelo. Lokhu kuyasebenza futhi uma amazwe ehluleka ukuvikela ukwephulwa. Amalungelo abantu okumele izinkampani ziwahloniphe nawo afakiwe kuwo umthetho othambile izinsimbi ezifana ne- Izimiso Eziqondisayo ze-UN Zamabhizinisi Namalungelo Abantu, kuvunywe yi-RDS, kanye ne-OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises. Ukuqonda okukhona okuvela kulezi zinsimbi kufaka isandla ekuchazeni izinga lokunakekelwa elingabhalwanga ngesisekelo lapho kungacatshangelwa khona isibopho se-RDS, ngokusho kwenkantolo.
isibopho
Isibopho sezinkampani ukuhlonipha amalungelo abantu sincike ebucayi bomthelela wemisebenzi yazo kumalungelo abantu. Inkantolo ikucabange lokhu ecaleni le-RDS ngesisekelo samaqiniso achazwe ngenhla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphambi kokuba isibopho esinjalo sicatshangwe, kubalulekile ukuthi inkampani ibe namathuba nethonya elanele lokuvimbela ukwephulwa. Inkantolo icabange ukuthi lokhu kunjalo ngoba izinkampani zinethonya kukho konke iketanga lenani: ngaphakathi kwenkampani / iqembu uqobo ngokwakhiwa kwenqubomgomo nakumakhasimende nabahlinzeki ngokunikezwa kwemikhiqizo nezinsizakalo. Ngoba ithonya likhulu kakhulu enkampanini uqobo, i-RDS ingaphansi kwesibopho sokuthola imiphumela. I-RDS kumele yenze umzamo egameni labahlinzeki namakhasimende.
Inkantolo yahlola ubukhulu besibopho ngale ndlela elandelayo. Ngokwesivumelwano saseParis nemibiko ye-IPCC, inkambiso eyamukelwe yokushisa komhlaba kukhawulelwe kubude obungu-1.5 degrees Celsius. Ukwehliswa kwemali okufunwayo kuka-45%, ngo-2019 njengo-0, kushiwo yinkantolo ngokwanele ngokuhambisana nezindlela zokunciphisa njengoba kuhlongozwe yi-IPCC. Ngakho-ke, lokhu kungamukelwa njengesibopho sokunciphisa. Isibopho esinjalo singabekwa yinkantolo kuphela uma i-RDS yehluleka noma isongela ukwehluleka kulesi sibopho. Inkantolo iveze ukuthi okwakamuva kunjalo, ngoba inqubomgomo yeqembu ayibambeki ngokwanele ukukhipha usongo olunje lokwephula umthetho.
Isinqumo nokuzivikela
Ngakho-ke inkantolo yayalela i-RDS kanye nezinye izinkampani zeqembu lakwaShell ukuthi banciphise noma babangele ukuthi kulinganiselwe umthamo wonyaka ohlangene wakho konke ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 emoyeni (Ububanzi 1, 2 no-3) obuhambisana nemisebenzi yebhizinisi leqembu lakwaShell futhi bathengisa amandla- imikhiqizo ethwala izinto ngendlela yokuthi kuthi kuphela unyaka ka-2030 leli volumu libe selincishisiwe okungenani ngo-45% wenetha uma kuqhathaniswa nezinga lonyaka ka-2019. Ukuvikelwa kwe-RDS akunesisindo esanele ukuvimbela lo myalelo. Isibonelo, inkantolo ibheke ukuphikisana kokufakwa esikhundleni okuphelele, okusho ukuthi omunye umuntu uzothatha imisebenzi yeqembu lakwaShell uma kuphoqelelwa isibopho sokunciphisa, kufakazelwa ngokwanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iqiniso lokuthi i-RDS ayibopheleli kuphela ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu ayiyikhululi i-RDS emsebenzini onzima womzamo nomthwalo wokunciphisa ukufudumala kwembulunga okucatshangwa yinkantolo.
Effects
Lokhu futhi kwenza kucace ukuthi iyini imiphumela yalesi sinqumo kwezinye izinkampani. Uma benesibopho senani elikhulu lokukhishwa (ngokwesibonelo, ezinye izinkampani zikawoyela negesi), bangabuye bayiswe enkantolo futhi bagwetshwe uma inkampani yenza imizamo enganele ngenqubomgomo yayo yokunciphisa lokhu kukhishwa. Le ngozi yesikweletu idinga inqubomgomo yokunciphisa ukukhishwa okuqinile kunayo yonke i- iketanga lenani, okungukuthi kwenkampani neqembu uqobo kanye namakhasimende ayo nabahlinzeki. Kule nqubomgomo, kungasetshenziswa ukuncishiswa okufanayo njengesibopho sokuncishiselwa i-RDS.
Isinqumo esiyingqophamlando ecaleni lesimo sezulu sikaMilieudefensie elibhekene neRDS sinemiphumela efinyelela kude, hhayi kwiQembu leShell kuphela kodwa nakwezinye izinkampani ezinikela kakhulu ekuguqulweni kwesimo sezulu. Noma kunjalo, le miphumela ingafakazelwa ngesidingo esiphuthumayo sokuvimbela ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu okuyingozi. Ngabe unemibuzo mayelana nalesi sinqumo nemiphumela engaba khona enkampanini yakho? Ngemuva kwalokho sicela uxhumane Law & More. Abameli bethu bakhethekile emthethweni wezikweletu zomphakathi futhi bazokujabulela ukukusiza.