Umonakalo uhlupheke ezandleni zomunye umuntu, oboshwe ngamaphoyisa noma ofuna ukumela amalungelo akho: amacala ahlukahlukene lapho usizo lommeli ngokuqinisekile lungekhona ukunethezeka okungadingekile futhi emacaleni omphakathi ngisho nesibopho. Kodwa yini ngempela eyenziwa ngummeli futhi kungani kubalulekile ukuqasha ummeli?
Uhlelo lwezomthetho lwaseDashi luphelele futhi luqinisekisiwe. Ukuze kugwenywe ukungaqondani futhi kudluliswe inhloso yomthetho ngendlela efanele, konke ukukhetha kwamagama kubhekiwe futhi kubekwe nezinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi ukuqinisekisa ukuvikelwa okuthile kwezomthetho. Okubi ukuthi kuvame ukuba nzima ukuhambisa indlela ngalokhu. Ummeli uqeqeshelwe ukutolika umthetho futhi uyazi indlela yakhe yokudlula 'ehlathini' elisemthethweni njenganoma iyiphi enye. Ngokungafani nejaji noma umshushisi womphakathi, ummeli umele izintshisekelo zamakhasimende akhe kuphela. Ngo- Law & More iklayenti nomphumela ophumelele kakhulu futhi ongenzeleli weklayenti uza kuqala. Kodwa yini ngempela eyenziwa ngummeli? Empeleni, lokhu kuncike kakhulu ecaleni othintana nalo nommeli.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamacala angaqalwa ummeli ngawe: inqubo yezikhalazo kanye nenqubo yamasamanisi. Endabeni yomthetho wokuphatha, sisebenza ngenqubo yokudlulisa icala, nayo ezophinde ichazwe kule bhulogi. Ngaphakathi komthetho wobugebengu, ungathola amasamanisi kuphela. Ngemuva kwakho konke, yiPublic Prosecution Service kuphela egunyazwe ukushushisa amacala obugebengu. Noma kunjalo, ummeli angakusiza ekufakeni isikhalazo, phakathi kwezinye izinto.
Inqubo yezikhalazo
Lapho kuqala inqubo yezikhalazo, njengoba igama liphakamisa, kwenziwa isicelo kwijaji. Ungacabanga ngezinto ezifana nesehlukaniso, ukuchithwa kwenkontileka yomsebenzi kanye nokubekwa ngaphansi kokugadwa. Ngokuya ngecala, kungahle kube khona noma kungabi khona uzakwethu. Ummeli uzokulungiselela isikhalazo esihlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo ezisemthethweni futhi uzokwakha isicelo sakho ngendlela efanele ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma kukhona umuntu othintekayo noma ummangalelwa, ummeli wakho naye uzophendula kunoma yisiphi isitatimende sokuzivikela.
Uma inqubo yesikhalazo isiqaliwe ngelinye iqembu olinhlangano ephikisayo noma ohlanganyele naye, ungaxhumana nommeli. Ummeli angakusiza ukuthi ubhale isitatimende sokuzivikela futhi, uma kunesidingo, ulungiselele ukulalelwa ngomlomo. Ngesikhathi sokuqulwa kwecala, ungamelwa futhi ngummeli, naye angadlulisa icala uma ungavumelani nesinqumo sejaji.
Inqubo yamasamanisi
Kuwo wonke amanye amacala, inqubo yenqubo yamasamanisi iyaqalwa, lapho-ke kucelwa umbono wejaji odabeni oluthile. Ukubizelwa enkantolo ngokuyisisekelo ngamasamanisi okuvela enkantolo; ukuqala kwenqubo. Vele, ummeli wakho ukhona ukuzokhuluma nawe ngesikhathi sokuqulwa kwecala, kodwa futhi nokukusiza ngaphambi nangemva kokulalelwa. Ukuxhumana nommeli kuvame ukuqala ngemuva kokuthola amasamanisi noma lapho ufuna ukuzithumela ngokwakho. Lapho uqala inqubo ngokwakho futhi ungummangali, ummeli akagcini ngokweluleka ukuthi ukuqala inqubo kunenzuzo yini, kepha futhi ubhala amasamanisi okumele ahlangabezane nezinqubo ezahlukahlukene. Ngaphambi kokwenza amasamanisi, ummeli, uma ethanda, angaqala axhumane neqembu eliphikisayo ngokubhala ukuze azuze isisombululo esinokuthula, ngaphandle kokuqala izinyathelo zomthetho. Uma nokho kufika inqubo yenqubo yamasamanisi, ukuxhumana okuqhubekayo neqembu eliphikisayo nakho kuzonakekelwa ngummeli ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inqubo ihamba kahle. Ngaphambi kokuthi leli cala lilalelwe ngomlomo yijaji, kuzoba nombuthano obhaliwe lapho izinhlangothi zombili zizophendulana khona. Imibhalo ethunyelwa emuva naphambili ivame ukufakwa yijaji ngesikhathi kulalelwa icala ngomlomo. Ezimweni eziningi, noma kunjalo, ngemuva komjikelezo obhaliwe kanye nokulamula, akusafiki emhlanganweni, ngokusebenzisa uhlelo phakathi kwamaqembu womabili. Ngabe icala lakho ligcine selilalelwa futhi awuhambisani nesinqumo ngemuva kokulalelwa? Kuleso simo futhi, ummeli wakho uzokusiza ukufaka isikhalazo uma kunesidingo.
Inqubo yokufaka isikhalazo ngomthetho wokuphatha
Uma ungavumelani nesinqumo senhlangano ephethe (inhlangano kahulumeni) efana ne-CBR noma umasipala, ungaphikisa. Ungaba nencwadi yesikhalazo ebhalwe ngummeli onolwazi ngezinga lempumelelo lokufaka isikhalazo futhi owaziyo ukuthi yiziphi izimpikiswano okufanele zithunyelwe. Uma ubhalisa ukuphikisa, umzimba uzothatha isinqumo ngokuphikisa (bob). Uma ungavumelani nalesi sinqumo, ungafaka isaziso sesikhalazo. Kukuluphi uhlaka, njengenkantolo, i-CBb, i-CRvB noma i-RvS, isicelo sokudluliswa kwesinqumo okufanele sihanjiswe sincike ecaleni lakho. Ummeli angakusiza ukuthi uthumele isaziso sokudluliswa kwesiphathimandla esifanele futhi, uma kunesidingo, wenze impendulo esitatimendeni sezokuvikela senkampani ephethe. Ekugcineni, ijaji lizokhipha isinqumo ngalelo cala ngemuva kokulalelwa ngomlomo. Uma ungavumelani nesinqumo sejaji, usengafaka isicelo ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile.
(Subpoena) umthetho wobugebengu
ENetherlands, iPublic Prosecution Service ibhekene necala lokuphenya nokushushisa amacala obugebengu. Uma uthole amasamanisi avela eMnyangweni Wezokushushiswa Komphakathi, usolwa ngokwenza icala lobugebengu ngemuva kokwenziwa kophenyo lokuqala. Ukuqasha ummeli isenzo esihlakaniphile. Icala lobugebengu lingagcwaliswa ngokomthetho futhi ukuhlaziya amadokhumenti kudinga ulwazi. Ummeli angaphikisana namasamanisi ukuze ukulalelwa ngomlomo kungavinjelwa. Ezimweni eziningi, ukulalelwa ngomlomo kwecala lobugebengu kwenzeka emphakathini. Ummeli uzokwazi ukukumela kahle ngesikhathi sokulalelwa komlomo. Izinzuzo zokubandakanya ummeli, isibonelo ngemuva kokutholwa kwamaphutha enziwe ngesikhathi sophenyo, zingadlulela ekutholakaleni kwecala. Uma ekugcineni ungavumelani nesinqumo sejaji, ungafaka isikhalazo.
Ummeli uvame ukukwenzela okuthile ngaphambi kokuba uthole amasamanisi. Ummeli, phakathi kokunye, anganikeza ukwesekwa nosizo ngesikhathi sokuphenywa ngamaphoyisa noma ukweluleka ngecala lobugebengu osolwa ngalo.
Isiphetho
Yize ungaqasha ummeli ukuthi aqale enye yezinqubo ezingenhla, abameli bangakusiza nangaphandle kwenkantolo. Isibonelo, ummeli angakubhalela nencwadi esimeni sebhizinisi. Ngeke nje kubhalwe incwadi ngokuvumelana nezifiso zakho ebeka umunwe endaweni ebuhlungu, kepha futhi uthola ulwazi lwezomthetho ngodaba lwakho. Ngosizo lommeli uzosizwa ngokufanele ukwenze nokungafanele ukwenze ngecala lakho futhi ukuphumelela kuyiqiniso elingaphezu kwethemba nje.
Ngamafuphi, ummeli weluleka, alamule futhi aphikisane ngezinkinga zakho zomthetho futhi uhlala enza ngokuthanda iklayenti lakhe. Ngokuthola amathemba amahle, ngokuqinisekile uzozuza ngokuqasha ummeli.
Ngabe ucabanga ukuthi udinga izeluleko zochwepheshe noma usizo lwezomthetho kummeli okhethekile ngemuva kokufunda i-athikili engenhla? Sicela uxhumane Law & More. Law & MoreAbameli bakhethekile ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zomthetho futhi bayakujabulela ukukusiza ngocingo noma nge-imeyili.
